Domestic Violence The United States And Around The World...

Part One Knowledge of domestic violence is becoming prevalent in the United States and around the world. Family violence, teen dating violence and intimate partner violence are being talked about openly more; they are also becoming known as abuse and not something that is just â€Å"ok† or â€Å"just how a person is†. Beliefs and laws are changing toward nonviolence as discussed in this report. There are several different types of domestic violence that affect people today. According to â€Å"justice.gov† (2014), domestic violence is a way for one partner to control the other partner. This control can be done sexually, physically, emotionally, economically, and psychologically. Any actions that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate, isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame, hurt, injure or wound someone is a form of control and domestic violence. This gives us an understanding of what acts and intentions are a part of domestic violence and that it is not just phy sical abuse alone. According to Steiner, (2012) there are 3 stages in domestic violence, the first stage is to seduce the victim, charm the victim and isolate them. The second stage is to introduce the threat of violence, such as buying guns and keeping them on the perpetrator, in the car and in the home, by doing this they see how she/he reacts to having weapons, the abuse then starts. The final step in the pattern is when the perpetrator kills their victim. 70% of domestic violence murders happen after the victim endsShow MoreRelatedGibson 1. Josie Gibson . Mrs. Archila . Eng 102. 24 March1276 Words   |  6 PagesGibson 1 Josie Gibson Mrs. Archila ENG 102 24 March 2017 Synthesis Domestic violence is an ongoing epidemic affecting people around the world. Over the years, the problem of domestic violence has raised an abundance of questions: how serious is the issue, and what actions could be implemented to prevent it? In the article â€Å"Domestic Violence Has Been a Problem Throughout U.S. History†, it explains how the issue of domestic violence has been going on for decades; however, did not get address until recentRead MoreDomestic Violence and Abuse: A Global Epidemic Essay877 Words   |  4 Pages Domestic violence is a serious issue that negatively impacts women in our society. â€Å"Domestic abuse is a violent confrontation between family or household members involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm† (Domestic Violence). Although domestic violence can impact men as well, this type of abuse seems to be more prevalent among women. This abuse destroys families and can even lead to death in some cases. Even though the re has been improvement in spreading awareness about thisRead MoreThe Story Of A Woman Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pagesbruise begins to form already and the scar tissue around her broken heart opens back up again. This, unfortunately, is a reality for many women around the world, especially in the United States. They live in fear every day, wondering if today is the day that their spouse will end their lives. Others endure endless verbal abuse, killing their self-esteem and their will to live. Domestic violence is an epidemic that is on the rise around the world. We must come together and propose a solution to helpRead MoreGlobal Issue: Women’s Rights823 Words   |  3 Pagescenturies, in third-world areas, stories like Tahani’s are still very common. Despite advances in equality, girls all over the world are still forced into marriage at very young ages, denied their right to education, and made the victims of domestic violence and rape. Millions of girls each year are forced into marriage as children, often to men several times their age. The rates of girls being forced into marriage under the age of eighteen in developing countries around the world is as much as oneRead MoreDomestic Violence Is Still Waging On The Homefront1601 Words   |  7 Pagesthat same time frame, approximately 11,766 women in the United States were murdered by a current or ex-male lover (Vagianos, 2015). That is nearly half of the number of souls lost in war across the seas, and those numbers show America that domestic violence is a war that is still waging on the homefront. While awareness and concern for women who are victims of domestic abuse has been seeming to increase throughout the decades, domestic violence is still had huge problem that millions of people, menRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Harassment1645 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Violence is an ever growing problem across the globe. In particular, violence against women is at an all time high. Although many cases of violence against women are reported, it is in statistical data that half of all cases are not reported. Some are not reported because of fears, relationship severances, and other unknown reasons. The main types of abuse on women are domestic and sexual harassment (Nosheen, 2011). Follow this paper carefully while it takes you on an expedition ofRead MoreDomestic Abuse And Domestic Violence1446 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic Abuse Domestic abuse is tremendous problem around the globe. There are different forms of domestic violence, all of which are not acceptable and in some places in the world domestic violence is legal. In the places where domestic violence is legal, it is only legal to hurt your wife. If a woman tried to hurt her husband, she would be majorly punished. It is defined as a series of abusive acts in any form of a relationship for one person to have control over their partner. The three mostRead MoreDomestic Violence : A Part Of Culture1498 Words   |  6 PagesTo this day, domestic violence is seen to be a part of culture in many countries. Some people view domestic violence as unjust and cruel, yet many see it as a form of power and control over another. Domestic violence plays a key role in different societies around the world as it is becoming a social norm. Domestic violence frequently begins when one partner feels the need to control the other. This feeling is sprouted from several factors such as jealousy, low self-esteem, and difficulties in regulatingRead MoreDomestic Violence in the United States1516 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence affects a large amount of relationships in the United States each year. As the times have changed, abuse has become less accepted as a normal occurrence, and society has begun working together to provide awareness towards violence in intimate partner relationships. â€Å"Problems of family violence are potentially the most destructive in our society† (Kurland 23). Domestic violence is a problem that begins in the home, and spreads to affect the world around it. Violence is present inRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Women s Violence1735 Words   |  7 Pages Effects of Violence against Women According to Violence Type by Ines Alvarez Mrs. Madrell English 4, Honors, Period 6 Miami Coral Park Senior High School March 18,2016 Mrs. Madrell English 4, Honors, Period 6 Miami Coral Park Senior High School March 18,2016 Violence against Women Women have been and continue to be victims of violence in all of its faces. The purpose of this research is to explore the many ways in which women are abused and mistreated, focusing on the

Are Hybrid Cars Becoming Safer or More Harmful to the Environment Free Essays

string(111) " increase the temperature of one cubic foot of air 55 degrees F \(â€Å"An Introduction to Efficiency†, 2006\)\." Hybrid cars have a very special technology because they boast two power sources: a regular gasoline engine and an electric motor powered by a huge battery unlike conventional cars which have only regular gasoline engine. These components generally work in tandem, though the exact mechanism varies depending on the car. When the car is at stop, the engine shuts off. We will write a custom essay sample on Are Hybrid Cars Becoming Safer or More Harmful to the Environment? or any similar topic only for you Order Now While you push the accelerator, the electric motor turns on to drive the car forward. When you need the power such as for climbing a hill, the gas engine gets a boost from the electric motor. The electric motor normally recharges itself by censoring the heat energy generated as you brake (Brown, 2008). Hybrid cars also help to reduce the amount of smog emission because of less working of gasoline engine. This does not mean that hybrid cars help the environment because they still have the issue of their batteries about being extremely harmful to the environment. Nowadays, there are more than 5 million hybrid cars around the world but this means that there will be also 5 million batteries from these hybrid cars. What would happen in the next few years if these batteries end up in landfills? According to environmental researchers, 90% of 1 million metric tons of lead which is produced every year is used for vehicle batteries (â€Å"Hybrid Battery Toxicity†, 2006). These batteries still have issues even though they are more environmentally friendly than the standard batteries. Nickel may cause cancer in human body because it is considered as a human carcinogen (Olberding, 2010). Therefore, many people are concerned about nickel mining as one kind of misuse of natural resources. According to the Environmental Defense, there are three main battery types such as lead, nickel, and lithium. The worst thing that harmful to the environment is lead battery, followed by nickel, and lithium (Banas, 2010). By the way, the rechargeable hybrid cars can force power plants to produce excessive amounts of electricity; therefore, power plant emissions can be just as harmful as exhaust pipe emissions. Running hybrid cars on the street can also contribute the amounts of greenhouse gases as same as running normal vehicles because hybrid system works effectively only on heavily congested streets (â€Å"Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact†, 2007). Even though hybrid cars help the environment, they are still harmful to the environment due to battery use, use of natural resources, and ineffective use of motor systems. II. Opposing Arguments A. Batteries The batteries in hybrid cars give a better choice for the fuel economy and environment that have been becoming to the next generation of car’s technology. They provide the electricity for electric motor; hence, the motor uses less gasoline when they are working in an urban area. Hybrid cars are able to provide more than 35% in fuel economy (â€Å"Facts on Hybrid Cars†, 2012). The nickel metal hydride batteries have been using in every hybrid car since the first hybrid car was produced. Both lead battery and nickel hydride batteries are rechargeable batteries, but the environment impact of nickel is much lower than lead acid which are used in conventional vehicles. According to the article â€Å"Nickel-Metal Hydride† (2006), the nickel-Metal Hydride is a solid battery; more energy can be given for the amount of space. Density is an essential concern, as weight is a severe wall to efficiency. Hybrid cars are still sold in lowered numbers; therefore, the negative effects of hybrid batteries are not instant. B. Natural resources Today’s hybrid cars are shown up by many benefits; increasing fuel economy, and saving the fuel. Even though it is true that hybrid cars can save lots of gasoline, and we can get our tax back from them, the best thing of these benefits is the very less produced amount of gas emissions. Hybrid cars emit 80% less greenhouse gases than conventional cars (â€Å"Hybrid Cars Emissions Information†, 2012). This translates to less airborne pollutants and a cleaner earth. The important factor of negative effects of vehicles on the environment is greenhouse gasses. As a result, most of greenhouse gasses are from human activities and cause the temperature in the air and ocean to rise (Hybrid Cars and Pollution, 2012). In fact, the temperatures are increasing. The changes have observed over the last few decades are mainly because of human activities, but we cannot refuse that the important part of these changes is also a mirror of natural changeableness (Hybrid Cars and Pollution, 2012). Large metropolitan areas around the world are widely covered by this smog while many millions of cars are concentrated. This smog is made of nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and many evaporating organic compounds. Hybrid cars produce a much lower these gases than conventional vehicles. However, the size of the car can be a great different in emissions between the hybrid and conventional vehicles. According to Banas (2010), the average of compact hybrid cars emits 10% lower smog than their conventional counterparts. This means that the models of hybrid cars such as mid-size cars, mid-size sport-utility vehicles, and full-size SUVs help to reduce smog-producing gas emissions by 15%, 19% and 21%, respectively, more than their conventional counterparts. Hybrid cars are esteemed as being fuel efficient, and good for the environment. C. The efficiency of hybrid cars Nowadays, hybrid cars have been building to be more efficient than conventional cars; as we known, small cars could be run more efficient than big cars. According to the article â€Å"An Introduction to Efficiency† (2006), one of the easiest ways to show efficiency is to get your amount of work with regard to how much energy was taken in the initial place. The efficiency of conventional cars can be described as how much the power of the engine is producing and divide by the amount of energy that was produced by gasoline when it was consuming. The energy of one gallon in gasoline is 115,000 British Thermal Units (Btu), and one Btu can increase the temperature of one cubic foot of air 55 degrees F (â€Å"An Introduction to Efficiency†, 2006). You read "Are Hybrid Cars Becoming Safer or More Harmful to the Environment?" in category "Papers" Therefore, if a hybrid car’s engine had a 100 percent of efficiency about burning gasoline, then every single Btu worth of energy carried inside the gasoline would be used only to move the car onward. However, today, the best using of efficient gasoline engines is 30 to 35 percent. This is almost the same kind as the efficiency of a common light bulb, which uses the energy to produce light but gains more heat. If you touch the dense fluorescent bulb by your hand, you can feel why it is so effective: it produces abundance of light and less wasted heat. Conventional cars are comparatively inefficient at using the all amount of energy which stored in gasoline, and it is because of the engine’s mistake. Automatic transmissions can be infamously inefficient component in a car’s power train. Conventional cars are inefficient using of gasoline. Both aerodynamic and the engines utilize use very little of the energy contained in all gallon of gas when they are burning because they are too heavy. So, hybrid cars can rip out the less using of gasoline than conventional cars; as a result, they have designed to help increase the using amount of energy efficiency. Hybrid cars use electric motors to provide some portion of their driving force. Unlike gasoline engines, electric motors can be greater than 90 percent efficient at using electrical energy (â€Å"An Introduction to Efficiency†, 2006). As a result, if an electric motor consumed 100 kW/hrs of energy from the battery, 90 kW/hrs of energy would be turned into beneficial work. Some hybrid cars use manual transmissions, which they are much more efficient than automatic transmissions. As a result, hybrid cars do not have big electric motors and small conventional engines because electric motors are so much more efficient than conventional engines. This means that gasoline engines are the strongest point because they are completely developed and presently cost of efficient energy alternation device from a manufacturer’s standard system. However, big electric motors require huge energy storage like batteries. Big batteries are extremely expensive but that could be lower price if hybrid batteries are widespread to the world’s market, and being used by consumers as common as hybrid cars in today (â€Å"An Introduction to Efficiency†, 2006). The efficiency of hybrid cars is much more than conventional car due to the use of batteries and the transmission systems. On the other hand, hybrid cars are not good for all aspects of the environment. III. Why They Are Wrong The chemical material, which uses in whether hybrid car batteries or conventional cars’ batteries, is toxicity. There are three main battery types that many hybrid car’ companies are using or considering for using in hybrid cars such as lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), and lithium-ion (Li-ion). However, lead-acid is the worst toxic of the three, and it’s very bad to the environment (Fuller, 2012; Banas, 2010; Olberding, 2010). Nickel is better than lead, but it still have a big problem because it is potentially carcinogenic and the mining process is considered hazardous (Fuller, 2012). We should be concerned about the environmental impacts of nickel mining, and decomposition of the batteries. The types of power plants are the most serious cause of the environmental impact of hybrid cars that depend on where they are charged. California, for example, obtains 80% of electric power in its cities from pure sources, such as hydroelectric plants. Charging a plug-in hybrid vehicle in California cannot be good for the environment, since both the cars and the power plants produce harmful emissions (Banas, 2010). However, most states use coal burning power plants to generate electricity; therefore, charging a plug-in hybrid vehicle produces power-plant emissions that can be just as harmful as tailpipe emissions, according to an Ohio State University study (Banas, 2010). Not only hybrid cars but also the power plants are bad for the environment. An important issue is the process of production as it could be a somber side of hybrid cars. One thing that many people don’t usually think about consuming products is how much energy is expended to actually make them and move them around. For example, when people buy food from long distance, it requires burning lots of gasoline or diesel fuel to transport that food. If more people bought local food, it could reduce wasting fuel in progress (Fuller, 2012). This can ensure that, the process takes a lot of natural resources and energy to build a car and that include hybrid cars too. Every material that were used or parts of the car have to be make up and forged; therefore, it uses a lot of amount of electricity and the natural resources to make it. The issue of hybrid cars has caught the interest of the media and the public in 2007, CNW Marketing Research, Inc. reported that Dust to Dust: The Energy Cost of New Vehicles from Concept to Disposal. The article claimed that it is necessary to create the calculation of a dollar value for all energy, build the operation of a vehicle, and there is the surprising claim that the Toyota Prius costs more over the course of its lifetime than a Hummer H3 (Fuller, 2012). This made the Prius drivers become discomposed, since Toyota marketed hybrid cars and accentuated fuel efficiency and economic friendly driving. After many media and internet newspapers started mentioning about the paper and disseminating the information, many publications speedily criticized the information from CNW for ambiguous information and lack of evidence. Most of the energy used by a vehicle came from its design and production, several other studies have found that 80 to 90 percent of a vehicle’s energy is used during operation — in other words, when you’re driving it (Gleick, 2007). The most important thing is; it probably uses 13 % of their lifetime energy to become a car. Even though hybrid cars save the environment, but before they become a car, they have to pass many processes which are harmful to the environment. How hybrid car motor could be work effectively; they depend on the driver behaviors and driving styles and geographic areas. If drivers drive very fast, busy driver that commute to and have to go to work every day on long distances of highway, this does not help anything about saving the fuel. The Hybrid car motors only work in the startup. However, It is going to be fine even if you want to burn more fuel at times as when you are driving on the highway, the gas can be used to recharge your battery system (â€Å"All About Hybrid Cars†, 2012). This is a big concern about hybrid cars. If the drivers drive very long distances, they will not get the benefit from their hybrid cars. If they drive in the city; therefore, this process will be changed. Gasoline assisted hybrids are often started by the electric motor, so the stop or go of your commuting will largely depend on electric as opposed to gas. You can even expect to save about 15% in gas this way. However, you must be mindful that typically the electric motor will only run up to about 15-25mph before the gas engine kicks in (â€Å"All About Hybrid Cars†, 2012). If the drivers decrease the speed of their cars many times or rapidly, the gas will kick inattentively. However, the function of electric motor will not be work better on the highway and up hills and down hills areas. The electric motor typically assists in startup, but will kick in areas of high speed or when the engine needs run on the very fast speed (â€Å"All About Hybrid Cars†, 2012). Hybrid cars could be worked effectively in the urban area or city commuter. IV. Arguments for hybrid cars A. Batteries toxicity When these hybrid car batteries are dead, where will they end up? When batteries are disposed of improperly these metals can be detrimental to the environment. Lead and nickel sitting in a landfill can cause pollution to the groundwater causing acid rain and making it unsafe for drinking and also harmful to plant life (Bova, Goodwin, Marrs, Oliva, 2010). The effects of these toxicity batteries are human carcinogen, causing many diseases and reathing problem in humans. According to a study done by Environmental Defense, the more popular lithium-ion batteries found in most hybrids and electric vehicles are not as toxic as their lead and nickel counterparts, but still have negative effects on the environment (Bova, Marrs, Goodwin, Oliva, 2010). The big car companies such as General Motors and Toyota claim that hybrid car batteries can be 100% recyclable but the processes are too expensive. However, many companies are promoting the recycling of hybrid car batteries by motivating their customers. For example Toyota offers a $200 stipend and even provides a number to call printed on the battery itself. Even with these incentives there is no way to guarantee that owners will in fact recycle the batteries; leaving the window open for batteries to end up in the landfills causing further destruction of the environment (Bova, Goodwin, Marrs, Oliva, 2010). However, nowadays the numbers of hybrid cars around the world is still lower than conventional cars. If the number of hybrid cars is increasing over the year, landfills all around the world will be full of toxicity batteries, corrosive materials, and carcinogenic B. Overconsumption of natural resources Nowadays, the most essential problems in the world are global warming and rising oil prices; therefore, we should concern about the alternative energy, and especially friendly environment, which focus on hybrid car designs. The most accessible of these designs was the hybrid car, with working models already on the road. With their highly fuel efficient design, they deliver much of what they promise, but the hybrid picture is not entirely problem free (â€Å"Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact†, 2007). Many hybrid car companies did a big problem because before they were going to be batteries and electric motors, they are very rare elements and don’t exist that much around the world, which go a long way to explaining their expense. Most of these elements currently come from China, and the supply as it exists today is not expected to last more than several years under even the most generous estimates (â€Å"Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact†, 2007). Many efforts are going to find a new resource for these rare elements, but they will not be produced that much until they are becoming less and cause a shortage. Hybrid cars are complex vehicles and full of new technologies and high end technology; therefore, these make hybrid cars to be hard to build which use lots of energy to build hybrid cars. Some hybrids can charge their batteries from mains power, and this could be generated by a dirty’ technologies such as coal fired power stations or nuclear power (â€Å"Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact†, 2007). This is the fact about hybrid cars on the market, and it means that different types of hybrid cars can use different types of power to produce electricity which affects the environment. C. Inefficiency of hybrid cars Once hybrid cars are built and spreading everywhere on the road, the important thing that will come up on drivers mind is, they are doing good for the environment. This is the fact because hybrid cars use less fuel than conventional cars but it depends on how they drive. Remember that a hybrid will probably never match the listed fuel efficiency because of the way the efficiency test is done, and because unless you only ever drive on heavily congested streets you won’t be utilizing the hybrid system effectively (â€Å"Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact†, 2007). If hybrid cars are running on the high way, there will be only the gasoline’s engines that are working on the time and neglecting the effective of hybrid system. Even though hybrid cars regard as green environmental cars, hybrid cars with an internal combustion engine will still emit smog. Catalytic converters handle most of the contamination, but there’s still that good old greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide. Even hybrids pump this out, they just pump lower amounts of it, and mostly because most hybrids have engines that stop when the vehicle comes to a halt (â€Å"Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact†, 2007). However, driving hybrid cars is not saving the world but you have just been retarding your harmful to the environment. V. Conclusion Hybrid cars are not good for the environment at all. They are still bad to the environment. Even though hybrid car batteries are good for the environment right now but what if they end up in the landfills when they are expired in the future; therefore, our landfills will be full of toxicity. Many people think that hybrid cars are green environmental cars but they didn’t think about the process of building hybrid cars. Every process of making hybrid cars is bad for the environment due to the use of natural resources. However, when hybrid cars are shown up on the road, hybrid car motors sometimes cannot work effectively because they are working well only on the congested areas. The effective of hybrid car motors are also due to the behavior of drivers because if they always step on the accelerator, they will negate the efficiency on hybrid system. The price difference of a hybrid might not always benefit the gas deductions. Depending on how you drive, hybrids might not always be a match for your lifestyle. There is always the issue of the toxicity of the battery, even though they are not as harmful as standard car batteries to the environment. It is also beneficial to keep in mind that today’s EPA standards are slightly outdated. They will normally be on the lower end of what EPA estimates are, due to differing factors such as driver lifestyle, location, and the type of car it is. I strongly believe that hybrid cars are not that save the environment at all but they have just slowed down the impact on the environmental; therefore, do your researches before you buy a hybrid car. How to cite Are Hybrid Cars Becoming Safer or More Harmful to the Environment?, Papers

Energy Crisis Important Sustainability Issue

Question: Discuss about the Energy Crisis for Important Sustainability Issue. Answer: Selection and explanation of Important Sustainability Issue (Energy Crisis) Energy Crisis is one of the major sustainability issue faced on a global scale. Energy is vital for performing all sorts of activities like production of food, transportation, and other economic development (Qureshi et al. 2016). Presently the major source of energy is limited to utilization of fossil fuels like coal and petroleum. These are non-renewable in nature and likely to exhaust with passage of time. Moreover the reserves are limited unlike the solar or tidal source of power generation. The excessive dependence on these limited sources of energy has led to shortage of energy in many parts of the world. Environmental Elements of Energy Crisis The environmental elements or factors responsible for energy crisis are exhaustible nature of energy sources and affect of natural calamities. The major source of energy that are been utilized presently are coal and petroleum (Hannigan 2014). These are the decayed parts of the body of plant and animals that have been deposited in the inner layers of the earth over the years. The carbon content in the tissues of those body parts are utilized for energy production with the help of combustion. The deposited layer of the coal and petroleum is limited in nature. Constant utilization of them would result in exhaustion of the sources over the years. Figure 1: Utilization of sources of energy (Source: Tie and Tan 2013, pp-95) It has been estimated that the coal and petroleum deposit at the current rate of utilization would get completely used up very soon (Hurt et al. 2013). Sometimes due to earthquake and plate movement in the earth, the deposits of the coal and petrol gets subdued to magma layer of the earth. Hence, they become inevitable for use by humans. During the volcanic eruptions, these layers get distorted and wasted. The crisis of the energy is result of these natural calamities and exhaustive nature of the resources used by the human result. Social Elements of Energy Crisis The social elements and factors that result in energy crisis are the overconsumption of the energy sources and the overpopulation (Ozturk et al. 2013). The energy reserves are limited in nature and not equally distributed over the globe. Some parts of the world are heavy populated so they require more energy to meet the needs of the people. It has been observed that the population of the world is constantly increasing at an alarming rate. So there has been massive increase in the demand of the power source and fuel. For every activity of the people, some energy is been utilized and consumed. Figure 2: Causes of Energy Crisis (Source: Ozturk et al. 2013, pp-74) Modern technology and production in industries and factories require considerably large amount of energy and fuel for its overall activities. Hence the areas that are dominated by the industrial activities and excess technological development exhaust maximum amount of energy. Wastage of energy is another major reason behind the energy crisis. It has been seen that people wastes more energy than they utilize for their needs. In most of the places of the world the people are unaware of energy crisis. They waste the energy supply lavishly without realizing the upcoming problems that they would have to face in the near future. Economical Elements of Energy Crisis The economic elements or factors that result in the energy crisis are cost of utilizing the renewable sources of energy, delay in establishing new power plants or reserves and poor infrastructure for power generation. The sources of energy that are used are non-renewable in (Hein 2015). The utilization of renewable sources of energy like solar or tidal requires modernized tools and techniques. Presently, the prices of these tools and instruments are very high that led to considerable increase in the overall cost of power generation. Maximum drainage of energy from current reserves and power plants has led to inefficiency of the power plant and reserves (Dicaire and Tezel 2013). It can be solved by making a substitute power plant in addition to the existing power plant. The delay in establishing the power plant and reserves would lead to energy crisis in the plant. The infrastructure that is used for power generation is a crucial factor for efficient production of power from the resources. It has been seen that most of the power generation firm continue to use old tools to reduce the expense of the production. These old tools are not capable for working with 100% efficiency and waste some part of the energy resources (Festus and Ogoegbunam 2015). It is one of the main reasons behind the shortage of energy and restriction of the production capacity of the firm. Ethical Dilemmas because of Energy Crisis Energy crisis has affected almost all the activities of the world as it is needed for every activity. The energy crisis affects the world in economic development, providing financial support, in the industrial and agriculture sector and social life of the people. The fundamental problem of the energy crisis is hindering and ceasing the process of the production in different industries. In domestic usage energy crisis would lead to issues with the process of cooking and water stipulation. Figure 3: Social effect of energy crisis (Source: Jacquet and Stedman 2014 pp-1293) Unemployment and Poverty are the two major ethical issues caused by the energy crisis. Employment plays an important role for an individual in achieving his/her daily needs. Poverty is relational condition of earning less money than the required money to fulfill the basic requirements. Unemployment and Poverty both result in defoliating the financial conditions that is caused by the energy crisis. Energy crisis is responsible for load shedding. Load shedding is the condition when the supply of power to a place in disturbed due to shortage. It results in causing unrest and sense of frustration among the people. Sometimes this frustration leads to a protest against the active government body. Explanation of two Ethical Dilemmas because of Energy Crisis The major ethical issues caused by energy crisis are unemployment and poverty. The economic condition of any organization depends on the production and sale of the goods. A huge amount of energy is utilized for production of the goods and fuel is used for providing transport facilities to the organization (Williams et al. 2013). Hence in absence of energy all the critical processing would cease and it would affect the economic condition of the organization. The organization would not be able to sale the goods in the lack of transport facilities if the fuel is not available. Hence it would have to cut the expenses for maintaining the organization. The organization would close its industrial units that would lead to unemployment of many workers (Hein 2015). It would also result in decreasing the opportunity for new employment. The condition of unemployment in major parts of a country is termed as the Recession period for the state. Poverty is the defined as the most evil state of any person or country. There is a limit of per capita income of an individual set (Rosenow et al. 2013). If the annual income of any individual is less than the limited per capita income in the country, then the individual is kept below the poverty line. It is measured statistically. The energy crisis has indirect affect on the poverty. It results in the decline of the economic growth of the country. If the production of energy is low in any country, then it would need to ask for energy supply from some other country (Jacquet and Stedman 2014). The economy of the country would decline resulting in increasing poverty. The energy crisis would result in lowering the production capacity of agriculture and industries. The low productivity of agricultural products and the constrained growth of the industries would lead to an increase in the poverty. Effect of Energy Crisis on Economic Activities The energy crisis has adverse affect on all activities of human and economic conditions. Every industry is dependent on the energy supply for carrying out their activities actively. The energy crisis provides scope for the power supply companies to increase the rate of power supply. The company or the organization that generates and supply power can utilize this opportunity for earning more profit. If the demand of the object is more, it is possible that the supplier can increase the charges of supply (Festus and Ogoegbunam 2015). The company can be benefitted from the government policies in favor to the energy crisis. The economic condition of the power supply companies and organization would increase. It provides opportunity of realization of the expected financial returns with the help of investments in new initiatives of efficient energy plans (Rosenow et al. 2013). It would provide opportunity for the organization to develop new contracts with its customers. The organization can be benefitted by using the energy crisis as an opportunity for developing new improved energy efficient methods of generating energy. The energy resources are tangible and exhaustive in nature. So it is possible that the resources can be tired out due to continuous use. The energy crisis is responsible for decreasing the production of vital tools and technologies used for production of the energy. It would result in increasing the prices of those tools and instruments (Rosenow et al. 2013). Hence the power generation organization would have to buy them at higher costs that would lead to decrease of GDP of the company. Inflation is another important component that would decrease the annual income of the organization caused by the energy crisis. During energy crisis, utilization of substitute energy sources would increase and it would lead to decrease in the. Solution of Energy Crisis (development of renewable energy resource) Energy crisis is one of the biggest problems faced by the people. It results in hindrance to the economy, social life, politics, and environment. The development of the solution for overcoming the situation is by using renewable sources of energy generation. Renewable sources of energy are those sources of energy that can be regenerated over time. It is non exhaustible in nature. Solar, Tidal and wind are the renewable sources of energy. Figure 4: Renewable energy sources (Source: Apergis and Payne 2012, pp-735) The main reason behind the non-sustainability of the fossil energy is its exhaustive nature (Apergis and Payne 2012). The sources of coal and petroleum are limited and extensive uses of them would lead to the complete depletion of their source. However, the sources of solar, tidal and wind energy are not limited. Hence if these sources of energy are utilized for power generation, the energy crisis could be checked and stopped. The generation of power using these renewable sources of energy is economically costly. The total amount that would be required to spent for generation of power from these sources are relatively high in compare to the cost of power generation using fossil fuels as the source (Edenhofer et al. 2013). However if the design is made favorable for generation power with less costing, these renewable energy can replace the traditional process of energy generation in the future. The renewable energy is cheaper than other sources of energy. The technology used for generation of tidal or solar or wind energy is available in the market and it requires modification for generating huge amount of energy (Quaschning 2016). If the capacity of the energy generated by the tools and techniques is increased, then the usage of the fossil fuels can be reduced. The renewable sources of energy is reliable in nature and the manufacturing of the energy sources are economically stable and non vulnerable. The renewable sources of energy are environmental friendly and produces very low greenhouse emission. The power generation using the natural resources produces no toxic waste and does not pollute the air. The energy prices of the non renewable energy are unstable. However, the prices of the natural resources are stable and do not require profound pricing. Wind energy is the best source of energy for the places that are prone to wind velocity (Beurskens and Brand 2016). The windmills can be used for generating electricity by rotating the turbines of the motor. It requires simple technology for energy generation and is clean and eco friendly. Figure 5: Wind energy generation (Source: Hsu et al. 2014, pp-472) Originality check of the Assignment The percentage of matched text is less than 1% Kot, Sebastian, and Beata lusarczyk. "Aspects ofLogistics in Biomass Supply for Energy Production", Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013. Tthe term of Renewable Source was matched from the assignment. It is a technical term, so there was no alternative solution to it. No changes were made to the assignment for reducing the matched text. References Apergis, N. and Payne, J.E., 2012. Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption-growth nexus: Evidence from a panel error correction model.Energy Economics,34(3), pp.733-738. Beurskens, H.J.M. and Brand, A.J., 2016. Wind Energy.Wind Energy,2015, p.2014. 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